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- From: faq-rt@antimatr.hou.tx.us (Mark Whetzel)
- Newsgroups: comp.sys.ibm.pc.rt,comp.unix.aix,comp.answers,news.answers
- Subject: COMP.SYS.IBM.PC.RT: AIX V2 FAQ - OS Specific Hardware, Part 1 of 1
- Summary: This posting covers AIX OS Specific Frequently Asked Questions
- (and their answers) on issues related to using AIX V2.2.x on IBM RT
- (Model 615x) computers.
- Keywords: IBM RT PC OS hardware FAQ 6150 6151 6152 AIX VRM AOS MACH PICK
- Message-ID: <ibmrt_aixv2h1_765425273@antimatr.hou.tx.us>
- Date: 4 Apr 94 02:08:18 GMT
- Expires: 17 May 94 02:07:53 GMT
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- Sender: markw@antimatr.hou.tx.us
- Reply-To: aix-rt@antimatr.hou.tx.us
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- Xref: bloom-beacon.mit.edu comp.sys.ibm.pc.rt:1493 comp.unix.aix:23018 comp.answers:4428 news.answers:17300
-
- Archive-name: ibm-rt-faq/aix-v2/os-hardware/part1
- Last-modified: Fri Mar 25 03:14:54 CST 1994
- Version: 1.1
-
- Frequently Asked Questions for: AIX V2.2.1 on IBM RT systems
- AIX V2 OS Hardware specific updates.
- Part 1 of 1 parts.
-
- The AIX V2 FAQ currently consists of EIGHT parts in 5 topic areas:
-
- AIX V2 FAQ Index and acknowledgements
- AIX V2 OS Specific hardware issues - one part currently (This FAQ)
- AIX V2 Software questions - in three parts.
- AIX V2 Problem Questions and answers - two parts.
- AIX V2 Porting software notes - in one part currently (more soon).
-
- See the AIX V2 FAQ index posting for a complete index of the AIX FAQ postings.
-
- This FAQ adds additional information to the general hardware FAQ
- that is specific to usage by AIX V2. This section matches the
- hardware index numbers and extends that information.
-
- I have included part of the H.1 section here on what is an RT.
-
-
- ------------------------------
- H.1 - What is an IBM RT?
-
- More about this RT's history and information may be found in the
- RT hardware FAQ. under this section heading. A partial summary of
- that entry is included here.
-
- The IBM RT is a RISC based processor designed by IBM, and unique to
- that platform. The RT was first announced by IBM in January 1986.
- The processor is generally refered to as 032 processor. In some
- documentation it is also refered to as the 'ROMP' processor.
-
- The RT PC Advanced System Processor has a 32-bit Reduced Instruction
- Set Computer (RISC) architecture developed by IBM and implemented in
- a 1-micron CMOS technology. It has sixteen 32-bit general purpose
- registers and uses 32-bit addresses and data paths. The
- microprocessor is controlled by 118 simple 2- and 4-byte
- instructions. An IBM-developed advanced memory management chip
- provides virtual memory address translation functions and memory
- control. It provides a 40-bit virtual address structure capable of
- addressing one terabyte of virtual memory. Internal processor
- organization enables the CPU to execute most register-to-register
- instructions in a single cycle.
- The model 115/125 RT PC with their FAST ECC memory, is capable
- of providing the processor with a 32-bit word of data plus ECC each
- 100 nsec cycle. This memory consists of 40 1-megabit IBM RAM chips.
- These chips are the same megabit technology used in the IBM 3090.
-
- For more history, see the Hardware FAQ posted to comp.sys.ibm.pc.rt.
-
- ------------------------------
- H.7 - What adapter cards are supported in an RT running AIX V2.
-
- The IBM RT has what is called in the industry a ISA bus. Based on
- the original IBM PC AT bus in design, the RT has 8 I/O slots in the
- tower (6150 model), and 6 slots in the desktop (6151 model).
- Slot 3 and 6 on the tower model and slot 1 on the desktop models are
- eight bit style slots. Slot 8 on the tower and slot 5 on the desktop
- model are wired slightly different than standard. See the hardware
- FAQ for more information.
-
- All adapters listed in this section on the hardware FAQ are
- supported by AIX V2.
-
- Technically, any adapter that conforms to ISA standards would work
- provided there are appropiate device drivers AND no conflicts with
- existing adapters registers and bus addresses.
-
- The RT diagnostics program disks are unfortunately rather particular
- about OEM cards that attempt to emulate IBM adapters. This can
- sometimes lead to problems running diagnostics, where the AIX/RT system
- will otherwise run fine under regular operation. Unknown adapter cards
- usually will be ignored.
-
- ------------------------------
- H.8 - What IBM perhiperials were available?
-
- All peripherial devices listed in this section on the hardware FAQ are
- supported by AIX V2.
-
- ------------------------------
- H.14 How do I get a parallel printer attached to an RT?
-
- There are three different ways to attach a centronics parallel
- printer to the RT. The AIX printer driver only supports a maximum
- of two parallel printer interfaces. The megapel and Mono/Print
- adapters do not have a way of changing the I/O address that they
- answer to, and cannot be used together without disabling the
- printer adapter on the megapel card. To have a second printer is
- supported by using a AT serial/Parallel card, jumpered at the
- secondary printer port address. If no Mono/Print or megapel
- adapter is present, then a second Serial/Parallel card can be used.
-
- 1) AT Serial/Parallel interface card.
- Parallel port primary address = 3BC
- Parallel port secondary address = 278
-
- 2) PC/XT Monochrome/Parallel printer card.
- Parallel port only address = 3BC
- No jumper available to disable this port.
-
- 3) Megapel card has a parallel interface on it.
- Parallel port only address = 3BC
- Swich 1 position 2 enables/disables the port.
- Shipped disabled from factory.
-
- WARNING: Some combinations of interface cards can cause
- I/O channel conflicts. Both Serial/Parallel interface cards
- CAN be present with either a Mono/Print or Megapel adapter,
- IF the parallel port on one of the S/P adapters is not defined
- with the devices command.
-
- Readers of this newsgroup have reported success with clone
- parallel printer cards operating correctly. I suspect that the
- diagnostics diskettes MAY have problems with them however.
-
- ------------------------------
- H.16 - AT Co-Processor information.
-
- The IBM PC AT Math Coprocessor, Feature code #4756, provides for
- execution of many IBM PC and IBM PC AT programs concurrent with and
- under control of the RT main processor. With appropriate program
- support (the RT PC AT Coprocessor Services licensed program, (5669-057)
- (Feature #5030), the option enables the RT to emulate the IBM PC AT
- Models 068 and 099. Application execution is concurrent with RT program
- execution.
-
- Note: The megapel display adapter is not usable as a console or for
- application output for the PC AT coprocessor.
-
- ------------------------------
- H.17 - How can I get the maximum data on a 6157 tape drive?
-
- ==**==**==**==**==**==**==**==**==**==**==**==**==**==**==**==**==**==
- Submitter: crow@austin.ibm.com (David L. Crow)
- IBM Advanced Workstations Division
- Date: 30 Apr 92 14:12:59 GMT
-
- >We have the 6157-002 model (150Meg, I think) and for some
- >reason, it needs three tapes to backup only 240Meg of data.
-
- DC 600A tapes should hold 118 MB of data. Of course this is somewhat
- dependent on the RT systems ability to keep the data moving to the tape
- as it is streaming. If there is a break in data bacause the backup command
- can't get it there quick enough, then you'll lose some of your capacity.
- Here is an item from ASKQ two or three years ago that describes what
- flags to use to make sure that you get the maximum capacity out of your
- 6157. This probably could go into the FAQ (except the FAQ is pretty
- much just for AIX Version 3).
-
- ============================================
- Subject: 6157 TAPE INFORMATION FOR AIX BACKUP COMMAND
-
- The correct descriptions for the -s and -d flags of the AIX backup
- command are:
-
- -slength
-
- Specifies the length of the usable space on a tape medium. This is a
- combination of the physical length and the number of tracks on the
- tape. The default "length" is 2700.
-
- To get the value for "length", you should multiply the physical
- length of the tape by the number of tracks (see table below).
-
- -ddensity
-
- Specifies the amount of data a system can write to a tape medium in
- bytes per inch. The default "density" is 700 bytes per inch.
-
- The density written to the tape is hardware controlled and can not
- be changed. The 6157-001 writes at 10,000 ftpi (flux transactions
- per inch) which is approximately equivalent to a density rating of
- 8,000 bits per inch. The 6157-002 writes at 12,500 ftpi which is
- equivalent to a density rating of 10,000 bits per inch.
-
- The -d (density) parameter is used with 0.5 inch tape drives to
- specify the density, such as 800, 1600, or 6250 bpi, but doesn't
- affect the density, that is, bits per inch, of the 6157.
-
- The -d parameter is used for the 6157 in the calculation of what
- quantity of data will be put on the tape. To increase the amount of
- data on the tape, the value for -d should be 1000 for 6157-001 or
- 1200 for 6157-002.
-
- Reference: AIX/RT Commands Reference Volume 1, SC23-2011-1, page 91.
- AIX PS/2 Commands Reference, SC23-2025, page 35.
-
- CALCULATION OF TAPE CAPACITY:
-
- The following formula yields the approximate capacity of a tape:
-
- # tracks * length * 11 inches * density = capacity (in bytes).
-
- 9 * 300 * 11 * 1000 = 29,700,000 bytes or about 29 MB
- 18 * 600 * 11 * 1200 = 142,560,000 bytes or about 142 MB
-
- The "11 inches" is the length of the recording foot, the actual
- amount of data stored on the tape per foot, and the interblock gaps
- take up approximately 1 inch per foot.
-
- TABLE:
-
- For the following AIX command(s), the values for -s and -d are in the
- table below:
-
- find ./ -print | backup -iv -C2000 -f/dev/rmt0 -sXXXX -dYYYY
-
- Recommendations for 6157-001:
-
- TAPE CARTRIDGE LENGTH TRACKS -s -d CAPACITY
-
- 3M DC 300A 300 feet 9 2700 1000 29 MB
- 3M DC 300XLP 450 feet 9 4050 1000 44 MB
- 3M DC 600A 600 feet 9 5400 1000 59 MB
-
- Recommendations for 6157-002:
-
- TAPE CARTRIDGE LENGTH TRACKS -s -d CAPACITY
-
- 3M DC 600A 600 feet 15 9000 1200 118 MB
- 3M DC 600XTD 600 feet 18 10800 1200 142 MB
- ==**==**==**==**==**==**==**==**==**==**==**==**==**==**==**==**==**==
-
- ------------------------------
- H.18 - What hard disks can be used in an RT with AIX V2?
-
- At this time the hardware FAQ lists all known drives supported
- by IBM with an RT running AIX.
-
- To use a NON-IBM ESDI drive on an RT, it will have to be very
- close in its geometry to one of the IBM supported drives.
- I have not yet tried to use ESDI drives with larger than 310 Mbytes
- of space with AIX. For larger SCSI drives, see section H.21.
-
- See the topics on AIX usage of ESDI disks covered in more detail in
- sections Q.11 thru Q.13.
-
- ------------------------------
- H.21 - What SCSI devices can be attached?
-
- The regular IBM suported SCSI adapter is slightly different from most
- workstation adapters. IBM chose to implement their adapter with the
- 'Differential Driver/Receiver option' and with the 'Alternative 2
- connector' as per the proposed ANSI standard SCSI-1. The SCSI
- interface conforms to (then) proposed ANSI standard X3T9.2/82-2
- Revsion 17B.
-
- Two wires are used for each signal lead in a push-pull signaling
- method also called 'differential-ended'. What this boils down to
- is that the IBM SCSI card is electriclly incompatible with a lot
- of the off-the-shelf SCSI drives. Most drives for other workstations
- and PC's use a 'single-ended' SCSI implementation.
-
- Now that SUN and IBM have announced differential interface adapters
- for thier workstations, we may see more disk drives available with
- native differential interfaces.
-
- IBM officially supported only one device attached to the SCSI
- interface card, the IBM 9332 'Athens' disk drive.
-
- Due to a design problem in the minidisk driver code for the IBM SCSI
- adapter, SCSI disks over 1 Gig will not work. Worse, the address
- for the sector will wrap back to zero, completely destroying the
- minidisk partition table, and the first filesystem on the drive.
-
- See question topic Q.14 for information on adding NON-IBM SCSI disks
- to an AIX system.
-
- ------------------------------
- H.22 - What do the LED codes mean during power on.
-
- The initial IPL sequence of LED codes are listed in the hardware FAQ.
- After LED code 22 and 26 is displayed control is passed to the
- loadable VRM boot code. As VRM is booting, these LED codes are
- displayed by Loadable Power On Self Test routines (LPOST).
-
- LPOST LED values during IPL
- 30 Monochrome display adpater.
- 31 Color graphics adapter (EGA).
- 32 6153 display adapter.
- 33 6154 display adapter.
- 34 6155 display adapter.
- 35 Fixed disk in location C.
- 36 Advanced processor card.
- 39 Diskette in location A.
- 40 Diskette in location B.
- 43 PC AT Coprocessor option.
- 44 Floating-Point accelerator.
- 45 Monochrome display/Printer adapter.
- 46 3278/79 emulation adapter.
- 47 Memory card in slot C bad - 4Meg enhanced card.
- 48 Memory card in slot D bad - 4Meg enhanced card.
- 49 RS-232C 8-port adapter.
- 50 PC Network adapter.
- 51 Serial device - serial/parallel adapter.
- 52 SCSI adapter.
- 53 RS-232C 4-port adapter 1
- 54 Parallel device - serial/parallel adapter.
- 55 RS-232C 4-port adapter 2.
- 56 RS-422A 4-port adapter 1.
- 57 RS-422A 4-port adapter 2.
- 58 5080 attachment adapter.
- 59 S/370 attachment adapter.
- 5U Memory expansion option or Enhanced Advanced processor and
- Memory Mgmt. card.
- 60 Multiprotocol communications adapter.
- 61 5080 peripheral adapter.
- 62 Baseband adapter.
- 63 Lighted PF keys.
- 64 Dials.
- 65 5081 display adapter 1.
- 66 5081 display adapter 2.
- 67 Advanced floating-point accelerator.
- 68 Floating-poing processor on Advanced Processor and
- Memory Mgmt. card.
- 69 Memory option on Advanced processor and Memory Mgmt. card.
- 71 Memory card in slot C bad - 2 Mb card.
- 72 Memory card in slot C bad - 1 Mb card.
- 73 Memory card in slot C bad - 4 Mb card.
- 74 Memory card in slot C bad - 8 Mb enhanced card.
- 76 Memory card in slot D bad - 1 Mb card.
- 77 Memory card in slot D bad - 2 Mb card.
- 78 Memory card in slot D bad - 4 Mb card.
- 79 Memory card in slot D bad - 8 Mb enhanced card.
- 80 Mouse device.
- 81 keyboard device.
- 82 Speaker device.
- 84 Bus memory cards.
- 85 Tablet device.
- 86 Token ring network adapter.
- 87 RS-422A 8-port adapter.
- 88 Reserved (Power on).
- 90 Streaming tape adapter.
- 93 Diskette read/write error.
- 94 Final LPOST found no display - Fatal.
- 95 Fixed-disk write error.
- 9c MIL-STD 188 8-port adapter.
- cc 6156 portable disk drive model 3.
- cu 6156 portable disk drive model 1.
- uc 6192 expander card.
- uu 6192 receiver card.
-
- ------------------------------
- H.23 - What does LED code xx mean (during AIX runtime)?
-
- All the LED codes are summarized in a little pamplet from IBM
- manual number SC23-2022 "RT PC VRM/Hardware Quick Reference".
- The maroon colored binder "IBM RT PC Problem Determination Guide"
- contains two manuals:
- "IBM RT PC Problem Determination Guide" number SA23-2604
- "IBM RT AIX Operating System Problem Determination Guide"
- number SA23-2603
-
- Procedures a given for a variety of LED codes, what to check,
- and how to take system dumps, reading the error logs and more.
- Recovery procedures are also given for some error codes.
-
- VRM LED Values during runtime.
- c0 VRM dump complete
- c4 VRM dump abend.
- c5 The diskette is damaged, insert another in drive A.
- c6 VRM dump waiting for diskette to be inserted.
- the 'c6' will alternate on the LEDs with the VRM
- abend code. After the diskette has been inserted,
- a keyboard sequence is used to start the dump.
- c7 The dump diskette is full, insert next dump diskette.
- c8 The system is checking the diskette for damage.
- c9 VRM dump writing to diskette.
-
- VRM Abend [Abnormal End] codes (alternate with the 'C6' code above)
- 01 A level-2 hardware interrupt has occured.
- 02 A machine check has occured.
- 03 The VRM received an SVC that was not issued by a
- virtual machine.
- 04 An unidentified program check occured.
- 05 A trap instruction was encountered.
- 06 A data protection exception has occured.
- 07 An unidentified IAR exception has occured.
- 08 An unidentified IAR exception has occured.
- 09 An IAR protection exception has occured.
- 10 A privileged operation exception has occured.
- 11 An illegal operatin exception has occured.
- 12 A page fault occured before VRM was fully operational.
- 13 A page fault occured that could not be processed by VRM.
- 14 A floating-point exception has occured.
- 15 The VRM encountered an unresolved reference.
- 16 The VRM has encountered a stack overflow.
- 17 All paging space is in use.
- 18 The VRM tried to reference an address that is not valid.
- 19 The VRM encountered a permanent I/O error in the paging area.
- 20 The VRM does not have enough real memory to continue.
- 21 The minidisk cannot be accessed.
- 22 The VRM cannot find the paging space minidisk.
- 23 The VRM has received an initialization data that is not valid.
- 24 The VRM is unable to allocate a system control block.
- 25 The VRM could not find a disk device driver.
- 26 An I/O channel error has occured.
- 27 An I/O error occured while accessing cylinder 0 of a fixed disk.
- 28 A processor I/O error has occured.
- 29 A floating-point DMA error has occured.
-
- Flashing LED values during VRM system initialization:
- 02 Read error - fatal.
- 03 Insuffient memory to load module - fatal.
- 04 Insuffient memory for the DDA - fatal.
- 05 Insuffient memory for the MIT - fatal.
- 06 Insuffient memory for the DTOC - fatal.
- 07 Insuffient memory for the match list - fatal.
- 08 Relocation symbol type not supported.
- 09 File type not supported.
- 10 Invalid device - fatal.
- 11 Invalid index for address from inode - fatal.
- 12 Inode out of range - fatal.
- 13 Address out of range - fatal.
- 14 File not found - fatal.
- 15 No freeblock header space - fatal.
- 16 Freeing freespace - fatal.
- 17 Address already allocated - fatal.
- 18 Not on a word boundry - fatal.
- 19 Invalid file name - fatal.
- 20 Inavlid IOCN in the file name.
- 21 Invalid IOCN in the DDS.
- 22 Invalid length field in the DDS.
- 23 Execution of loaded program failed.
- 24 No entry point was found.
- 25 Bad load module.
- 45 Base device missing at VRM install time.
- 46 Probable programming error (contact IBM).
- 47 Error in vtcp command.
- 48 Define code SVC failed for vtcp module.
- 49 Insufficient memory for segment to read code.
- 50 Define Device SVC failed for control program.
- 51 Attach device SVC failed for control program.
- 52 Define Device SVC failed for a new device.
- 53 Define Device SVC failed for the VTRM.
- 54 VTRM could not be installed.
- 99 Unexpected program or machine check - fatal.
-
- ------------------------------
- H.26 - Serial port cards maximums and limitations.
-
- Under AIX/RT the maximum rate supported by the various serial cards
- is 19,200 baud. If you have one of the very old unbuffered 4-port
- cards, you may experience a great deal of overrun problems at high
- speeds, (>4800 baud) plus system loading during communication.
-
- ================================================================================
- *** FAQ Continued in AIX Software issues Part 1 ***
- ================= end of ibm-rt-faq/aix-v2/os-hardware/part1 ===================
- --
-
- Posted around the first of each month to comp.sys.ibm.pc.rt, and
- to comp.unix.aix.
-
- This FAQ is dedicated to use of the AIX Version 2 operating system, running
- on the IBM RISC processor known as the RT. The RT is known also as
- an IBM model 6150 or 6151 machine.
-
- For AIX RT submissions E-mail to: aix-rt@antimatr.hou.tx.us
- For AOS RT submissions E-mail to: aos-rt@antimatr.hou.tx.us
- For MACH RT submissions E-mail to: mach-rt@antimatr.hou.tx.us
- For general Q&A submissions (hardware and other stuff) E-mail to:
- faq-rt@antimatr.hou.tx.us
-
- Other comments and correctons should be sent to the author:
- Mark Whetzel
- DOMAIN addr: markw@antimatr.hou.tx.us
- BANG address: ..!uhnix1!lobster!antimatr!markw
- Daytime work number 8AM-5PM M-F CST VOICE: (713) 963-2544
-
- --
- AIX..... NOT just another UNIX. (tm)
- Mark Whetzel | My own RT system.. My own thoughts..
- DOMAIN: markw@antimatr.hou.tx.us | IBM RT/135 running AIX 2.2.1
- UUCP ..!menudo!lobster!antimatr!markw | comp.sys.ibm.pc.rt FAQ maintainer.
-